GPT-5.1
GPT-5.1 is a frontier-grade multimodal language model family released by OpenAI in November 2025. It introduces a unified system architecture featuring a 'Smart Router' that dynamically allocates compute resources between two primary modes: 'Instant' (optimized for low latency and conversational warmth) and 'Thinking' (optimized for deep, adaptive reasoning). The model utilizes a Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture with a central language backbone and attachable modules, allowing it to process text, audio, image, and video inputs natively. Key capabilities include adaptive test-time compute, where the model adjusts its reasoning depth based on query complexity, and enhanced personalization options with distinct personality presets. It demonstrates significant improvements in instruction following, coding (via the Codex variants), and mathematical reasoning compared to its predecessor, GPT-5.
Specifications
- Parameters
- Undisclosed (Estimated ~1.7-2T)
- Architecture
- Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) with Smart Router Network and Adaptive Test-Time Compute
- License
- Proprietary
- Context Window
- 400,000 tokens
- Max Output
- 128,000 tokens
- Training Data Cutoff
- Sep 2024
- Type
- multimodal
- Modalities
- textimageaudiovideo
Benchmark Scores
Advanced Specifications
- Model Family
- GPT-5
- Finetuned From
- GPT-5
- API Access
- Available
- Chat Interface
- Available
- Multilingual Support
- Yes
- Variants
- GPT-5.1 InstantGPT-5.1 ThinkingGPT-5.1 ProGPT-5.1-CodexGPT-5.1-Codex-Max
Capabilities & Limitations
- Capabilities
- adaptive reasoningcode generationmathematical reasoningmultimodal processingagentic workflowspersonality customizationshopping research
- Known Limitations
- potential hallucinationstone driftbias risksadaptive reasoning latency on complex tasks
- Notable Use Cases
- coding assistantcomplex problem solvingcreative writingdocument analysisautonomous agents
- Function Calling Support
- Yes
- Tool Use Support
- Yes